Currently, the global economic losses due to corrosion are extremely severe. It is estimated that the economic losses caused by corrosion amount to $100 billion annually, which is much more significant than losses from other disasters. According to reports, the economic losses caused by pipeline corrosion are particularly severe globally, with Japan and Germany experiencing losses of approximately $3.3 billion, China around $2.8 billion, the United States about $2.2 billion, and the United Kingdom around $1.7 billion. Therefore, strengthening corrosion management for pipelines and improving corrosion prevention technology is crucial for various industries, and it should not be overlooked in terms of economic development and environmental protection.

Different corrosion prevention measures are employed based on the type of corrosion and the service environment of the pipelines. Currently, the main methods for pipeline corrosion prevention include the rational selection of anti-corrosion materials, control of the corrosive environment, cathodic protection, protective coatings, and sound corrosion prevention design. Among these, protective coatings and corrosion inhibitors are the most effective, economical, and widely used methods.

The purpose of pipeline corrosion prevention is to inhibit corrosion caused by electrochemical or chemical reactions in pipelines. Pipeline corrosion prevention involves measures to slow down the chemical and electrochemical effects of the internal and external media on the pipeline, or the metabolic activities of microorganisms, with the aim of reducing the rate of corrosion, extending the pipeline's lifespan, thereby reducing economic losses, minimizing safety incidents and injuries, mitigating environmental pollution, and lowering costs.

The functions of coatings primarily include protective, decorative, and special functional roles. Coating corrosion prevention is the most fundamental method of protecting pipelines. It involves applying coatings evenly and completely to the surface of the metal pipeline after the rust removal process, isolating it from various corrosive media, and serving a protective function. Depending on the different service environments of pipelines, coatings with various functions have been developed. Therefore, composite materials and composite structure coatings are becoming a trend in pipeline corrosion prevention.