1. Analyze the working conditions of forgings and determine the mechanical properties

The working conditions of forgings are complex.Working conditions analysis including stress (pull, pressure, bending, shear and torsion), the nature of the plant load, static load, dynamic load and alternating load (), load size and distribution, working temperature, low temperature, room temperature, high temperature, temperature), environmental medium (lubricant, water, acid, alkali, salt, etc.), special performance requirements for forgings (electric, magnetic, heat, radiation, radiation), etc.The mechanical properties of forgings are determined on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of working conditions.

2. The mechanical properties of forgings should be transformed into the determination of material performance indicators

With the requirements of the performance of parts, small can be selected immediately.Performance requirements will also need to be indexed and quantified through analysis, calculation or simulation tests.For example, the performance requirement of "high hardness" should be converted to "> 60HRC" or "62-65HRC".This is the most critical and difficult step in selecting candidates.It is necessary to calculate the stress distribution according to the size of the forgings and the load borne at work, and then determine the specific value of the performance index by the relationship between the working stress, service life or safety and the material performance index.

3. Pre-selection of materials

According to the requirements of forgings material performance index data refer to relevant manuals, find suitable materials, judging and selecting materials by the rough application range of these materials.For forgings designed with pre-selected materials, the working stress after considering the safety factor must be less than the determined component energy index data value.Then compare the feasibility of processing technology and manufacturing cost, the material of the optimal scheme as the selected material.Through experiment and research, the selection of high, medium and low grade steel is concentrated in a few steel grades.This not only helps to improve the quality of raw materials, but also makes the forging manufacturing process easy to control.